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Over the centuries, the methods used to secure doors and restrict access have undergone significant evolution, adapting to new technologies and changing security needs. In the past, securing entry to a building or a room was as simple as using a key. However, as society and technology advanced, so did the demand for more efficient, secure, and convenient access control systems. One of the most significant milestones in this evolution has been the widespread adoption of proximity access control technology, including the now ubiquitous access control card.
For millennia, physical keys were the primary method of securing doors and controlling access. With the industrialization of the 20th century, keys became a standard feature for securing homes and offices. While keys offer a reasonable level of security, they are limited in several vital ways. Keys can be easily lost, copied, or stolen, which poses a risk to security. Additionally, managing access to multiple areas within larger facilities is cumbersome, as each key would need to be distributed and kept track of. These limitations prompted the search for more sophisticated alternatives.
In the mid-20th century, the first significant step toward modern access control systems was taken with the introduction of electronic locks. These systems utilized electrical components to replace mechanical ones, allowing for greater flexibility and control over who could enter a building. The earliest versions of electronic locks were typically used in high-security areas like banks or government buildings, but as the technology advanced, it became more accessible to businesses and commercial establishments.
The move toward electronic access control systems was driven by the desire for more secure, efficient, and manageable methods of access. The traditional key system had limitations when it came to large-scale operations, where multiple users needed access to different areas at different times. This led to the development of access control cards, which became a key component of modern access control systems.
The introduction of access control cards revolutionized the way buildings and organizations managed entry. These access control cards typically contain embedded chips, magnetic strips, or RFID technology, all of which communicate with a reader connected to an electronic lock. Unlike traditional keys, access control cards can be easily programmed, revoked, and tracked, offering a far more sophisticated level of control.
